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Analysis finds defects in the “Protura sister” hypothesis: reassessment of early hexapole lines

Embryology and morphology cannot establish the “Protura sister” hypothesis of the early evolution of hexapoders recently proposed by phylogenies. Credit: Makiko Fukui Early lineages of hexagons (widely defined insects) have been debated for a long time. Researchers and collaborators from Tsukuba University have critically investigated the newly proposed phylogenetic hypothesis of the “Protura sisters.” This analysis revealed the underlying flaws…