patterns
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Earth
Paleoclimate study finds cooling glaciers have changed patterns in the tropical Pacific Ocean
Comparison of proxy models for upper ocean temperature changes from glacial to interglacial periods in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Locations of surrogate sites (black circles) and areas used to calculate regional averages from model simulations (black boxes). Credit: National Taiwan University A research team led by National Taiwan University uses geochemical indicators from deep-sea sediments to reconstruct the upper ocean…
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Environment
Satellite observations reveal that changes in rainfall patterns affect crops and forests
Earth’s rainy days are changing, and plant life is responding. This visualization shows global average precipitation based on over 20 years of data from 2000 to 2023. Cooler colors indicate areas with less rainfall. Warmer colors receive more rain. Credit: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio A new NASA-led study has found that how the rain falls in a given year is…
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Earth
Record-low Antarctic sea ice can be explained by wind patterns and predicted months in advance
Sea ice off the coast of West Antarctica photographed from a research vessel in October 2018. A new study explains and predicts the recent decline in winter sea ice around Antarctica. Credit: Hannah Dawson/University of Washington Amid all the changes in Earth’s climate, the stormy Southern Ocean sea ice surrounding Antarctica has long been a strange exception. Despite rising global…
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Earth
Climatic patterns of cave mineral deposits associated with the collapse of Chinese dynasties
Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns associated with the Asian monsoon and estimates of grain harvest and economic prosperity in different Chinese dynasties over the past 2,000 years. Credit: Fan et al., 2024. The history of Chinese dynasties spans 13 reigns from 2070 BC to the abdication of the last emperor in 1912. While the factors leading to inter-dynastic transitions…
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Environment
Ice age clues and advanced climate models reveal how El Niño weather patterns change
An 8x microscope image of washed tropical marine sediments shows a large number of foraminifera shells. Credit: Kaustubh Tirumalai, University of Arizona The last ice age peaked about 20,000 years ago, with massive glaciations and dramatic climate changes that transformed Earth’s oceans, landscapes and ecosystems. According to a study led by the University of Arizona, Earth’s last ice age could…
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Science
Advanced navigation techniques reveal soil moisture patterns
IGBP global land cover categories from SMAP product (40°S–40°N). Credit: Satellite Navigation A pioneering method for soil moisture retrieval using satellite navigation systems has been introduced, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of global data collection. The study, published in the journal Satellite Navigation, addresses the challenges posed by geographical differences in soil moisture assessment, providing an important advancement in…
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