models
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Earth
Climate models suggest Greenland’s snowmelt slows Atlantic circulation
Schematic diagram of the experiment. Credit: Qiyun Ma and Patrick Scholz Using climate models, a team of German and Chinese climate scientists has found evidence that freshwater input into the Irminger Basin will have the greatest impact on the Atlantic Meridional Circulation (AMOC) in the coming years. Their paper is published in the journal Science Advances. The AMOC is the…
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Earth
Models suggest snowmelt from Greenland and the Arctic is weakening ocean circulation and accelerating warming southward.
The addition of melt water to the North Atlantic causes local cooling in the subpolar North Atlantic and warming in the South Atlantic. Credit: Nature Geoscience (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01568-1 The vast network of ocean currents known as the “global ocean conveyor belt” is slowing down. This is a problem because this critical system redistributes heat around the world, influencing both…
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Physics
Scientists identify flaws in astrophysical models of massive stars and supernovae
Experimental results. Credit: Nature Communications (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54040-4 An international research team has found evidence that astrophysical models of massive stars and supernovae are inconsistent with observational gamma-ray astronomy. The research team used a new experimental method to study the unstable isotope iron-60. Iron-60 is of interest to astrophysicists because it occurs inside massive stars and is ejected from supernovae…
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Physics
Future trends: AI models tackle complex particle drag coefficients
Flowchart of this work: (A) Discrete Element Method (DEM) – Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and (B) Machine Learning. Credit: International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics (2024). DOI: 10.1002/msd2.12124 Accurately modeling the movement of particles in fluids is critical in fields ranging from chemical engineering to aerospace. Drag coefficients, which affect how particles settle and move within a fluid environment, are…
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Environment
AI models predict diarrheal disease outbreaks related to climate change
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain Extreme weather events related to climate change, such as massive floods and prolonged droughts, often cause dangerous outbreaks of diarrheal diseases, especially in developing countries, and diarrheal diseases are the third leading cause of death in young children. It becomes. A study published in Environmental Research Letters on October 22, 2024, by an international research team…
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Earth
Capturing finer-scale topographic differences improves the ability of Earth system models to reproduce observations
Spatial pattern of number of topographic units (TGU) per 0.5 degree grid. We demonstrate the ability of a terrain-based subgrid structure to capture terrain heterogeneity across a mountainous region and associated data that is a measure of the computational efficiency of the data reduction metric (DRM). We define a variable number of TGUs per grid in conjunction with the allocation…
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Science
Combined: Hybrid work models can offer the best of both worlds: worker well-being and productivity
Steven Blumenfeld, Chris Peace, Joan Crawford, Roya Gorgifard, The Conversation Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain Prime Minister Christopher Luxon this week ordered civil servants to return to work, sparking debate about the future of work in New Zealand. But Lacson’s order ignores broader changes to workplace culture. Driven by the rise in dual-income households and rapid technological advances, work-from-home (WFH) arrangements…
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Environment
Ice age clues and advanced climate models reveal how El Niño weather patterns change
An 8x microscope image of washed tropical marine sediments shows a large number of foraminifera shells. Credit: Kaustubh Tirumalai, University of Arizona The last ice age peaked about 20,000 years ago, with massive glaciations and dramatic climate changes that transformed Earth’s oceans, landscapes and ecosystems. According to a study led by the University of Arizona, Earth’s last ice age could…
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Science
Researchers use training models to map planted and natural forests from satellite imagery
(a) World, (b) Europe, (c) Asia, (d) North America, (e) Oceania, (f) South America, (g) Africa. Photo credit: Xiao Yuelong, Tongji University. Reforestation may seem like a simple way to combat climate change, but planted forests often encroach on natural forests, wetlands and grasslands, which can reduce biodiversity, disrupt natural habitats and disrupt carbon and water cycles. Forest cover is…
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