mechanism
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Science
A new mechanism uses photonic crystals to concentrate light on the chip
The artist’s impression of the light concentration at the “wall” at the end of the waveguide. Credit: Amorph Focusing light on a volume as small as the wavelength itself is a critical challenge for many applications. Researchers at Amolf, Tu Delft and Cornell University in the US have demonstrated new ways to concentrate light on a very small scale. These…
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Physics
The atlas enters under the hood of the Higgs mechanism
Display of candidate events for the production of two W+ bosons via vector boson scattering, followed by a collapse into two muons and two muon neutrinos. Muons are represented by the red lines of the inner detector and Muon spectrometer, with two jets represented by a yellow cone. The direction of missing lateral energy associated with the two neutrinos is…
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Environment
Experts argue that dissociation is a coping mechanism that hinders effective climate behavior
Credit: Sveta K of Pexel Collective dissociation prevents people from taking effective action to tackle overwhelming climate emergency, finding a study published in Cambridge Prism: Global Mental Health. The overwhelming scale and complexity of climate emergency often brings a sense of futileness to the individual’s ability to feel helpless and to bring about meaningful change. Group dissociation is a form…
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Physics
Elucidating the mechanism of coupled plasma fluctuations through simulation
Time evolution of the frequency spectrum of distribution functions and fluctuations of high-energy particles. In the initial state, the energy particle distribution function is mountain-like. There is a slope in the first region of variation where it starts to grow, and as the shape of the mountain changes, the slope of the distribution function becomes steeper in the second region…
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Environment
Elucidating the mechanism by which weather conditions cause changes in the concentration of fine particles in the atmosphere
Graphical summary. Credit: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100586 A new study published in the journal Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters reports major advances in the study of the relationship between weather conditions and atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations. Air pollution is a major global issue, and PM2.5 is a serious pollutant. Fluctuations in PM2.5 concentration not only…
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Earth
Deciphering the source and formation mechanism of haze using coal combustion experiments and sulfur isotopes
Sulfur isotope composition of pyrite in coal samples and sulfates produced by coal combustion. (Image from USTC). Credit: Yanan Shen et al. A research team led by Professor Shen Yan’an of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) has made significant progress in studying the sources and formation mechanisms of haze. Through coal combustion experiments and high-precision sulfur…
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Science
Collaborative research elucidates the mechanism of African plants that have anti-HIV effects
Chemical structure of the components of Croton megalobotrys Müll Arg (Namushen-1 and Namushen-2). Similarity to the reference protein kinase C activator Prostratin is shown. The substructure of protein kinase C activator/modulator (prostratin) is highlighted with the chemical structure of the phorbol ester from mukungul. Credit: Journal of Experimental Pharmacology (2024). DOI: 10.2147/JEP.S472234 A joint study between the Wistar Institute and…
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Chemistry
Abiotic organic synthesis research suggests new mechanism of organic condensation
Manned Vehicle (HOV) Shen Hai Yongshi. Credit: NIGPAS A Chinese research team reported the discovery of abiotic organic compounds in the oceanic crust of the Southwest India Ridge and proposed a molecular mechanism for organic condensation. This groundbreaking discovery follows the discovery in 2021 of nanoscale abiotic organic matter in mantle rocks in the Yap Trench. This represents an important…
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Chemistry
Research reveals reaction mechanism between cobalt(III) and nitrile, paving the way for drug development
Graphical summary. Credit: Journal of the American Chemical Society (2024). DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03211 A research team led by Professor Jaeheung Cho from UNIST’s Department of Chemistry reports on the reaction mechanism between cobalt(III)-based metal complexes and nitrile materials, paving the way for new potential materials, in the Journal of the American Chemical Society Announced. drug development. In this study, the team…
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Chemistry
AI tools contribute to elucidating the enzyme mechanism of lasso peptides
Source: Nature Chemical Biology (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01727-w Lasso peptides are natural substances made by bacteria. Their unusual shape gives them incredible stability, protecting them from harsh conditions. In a new study published in Nature Chemical Biology, researchers built and tested a model of how these peptides are made and showed how this information could be used to advance lasso peptide-based…
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