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Physics
State-of-the-art experiments reveal “hidden” details when transforming materials that affect faster microelectronics
In X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, X-rays interact with samples to produce interference patterns called speckle patterns that encode information about the structure of atoms and nanoscale materials. When material is converted from one phase to another, the speckle pattern changes. Using these patterns, the researchers followed real-time changes as materials converted from one crystal phase to another, as materials caused…
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Nanotechnology
Remove hidden cancer messengers: How extracellular vesicles help spread tumors
This graphic shows paracrine adhesion signaling in small extracellular vesicles. It secretes a protein called galectin-3. This promotes endocytosis so that the vesicles can be absorbed into recipient cells. Credit: Suzuki Kenichi et al. , Gifu University Most cells in the body send out small messengers called extracellular vesicles that carry proteins, lipids, and other biologically active molecules to other…
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Biology
The hidden friendly side of tobacco: how can you use controversial plants in good condition?
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain Cigarettes kill 8 million people worldwide each year, but imagine if they can be used to make medicines. The idea is not unheard of. Tobacco has been used as a herbal medicine in the past. But in the age of genetic engineering, tobacco may be the future of pharmaceutical production on the planet and beyond. European…
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Biology
Snake’s Secret Language of UV Rays: Predator Evasion and Camouflage Hidden World
Visible (color) and UV (grayscale) photographs of three pit viper species with wide range of UV reflectance. From top to bottom, the species are the prairie rattlesnake, the western diamondback rattlesnake, and the two-stripe forest pit viper (the green one). All of these snakes are closely related species, but exhibit a wide range of UV reflectance. The white circles in…
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Earth
Earth’s hidden carbon recycling: Sulfur bacteria work together to break down organic matter from the seabed
To determine the molecular tools sulfate-reducing bacteria use, researchers analyzed the entire set of proteins known as the proteome. In total, they looked at the results of 80 different test conditions. Each time, the protein mixture was separated in several steps until individual compounds were identified. Here, a separation gel containing a blue band with proteins of similar size and…
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Space & Cosmos
Runaway Star reveals hidden black holes of the Milky Way’s most recent neighbor
Impressions of the Hyper Belt Lattist artist ejected from the large Magellan cloud (shown on the right). If the binary star system gets too close to an ultra-large number of black holes, intense gravity will tear the pair apart. One star is captured in a tight orbit around a black hole, while the other jumps outward at extreme speeds. Often,…
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Biology
Dog Hunting for Oregon’s Hidden Truffle Biodiversity with Brother Scientists
Heather Dawson, a doctoral student at the University of Oregon, tracks a variety of dishes and non-skinned truffles in the Pacific Northwest with the help of a truffle dog. Credit: Chris Larsen The wobble tail is a universal sign of a happy dog, especially for a rusty golden retriever named rye. It is his “teltail” signal where he found the…
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Earth
Guardians of the beach: How hidden microbes protect coastal waters amid climate change
Pore water samples were collected from a high-energy beach subsurface estuary in Stinson Beach, California, USA, over a 2-week spring tidal transition period during both the wet and dry seasons. Changes in microbial community composition analyzed by V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing were contextualized by extensive hydrological and physicochemical measurements. The vertical depth structure of the assemblage remained consistent throughout…
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Other Sciences
The hidden costs of urban sprawl: How it impacts economic mobility and inequality
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain Urban sprawl isn’t just unsightly. It can also hinder intergenerational mobility among low-income residents and exacerbate racial inequality, according to a series of recent studies led by geographers at the University of Utah. An analysis of area-level census data co-authored with a former economics graduate student at the American College of Social and Behavioral Sciences found…
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Environment
Georgia County Says 3M, Mohawk Hidden Risks of Chemicals That Caused Health Crisis
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain In a new lawsuit, Murray County alleges that for decades, corporate manufacturers and users of “forever chemicals” used in carpets produced in northwestern Georgia have concealed the risks associated with them and compromised public health. He argued that this had led to the above-mentioned crisis. In Monday’s complaint, the county targets carpet manufacturers such as Mohawk…
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