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Chemistry
Bismuth-based hybrid materials enable highly sensitive and environmentally friendly X-ray detectors
The polycrystalline powder was forced into a dense pellet of 10 mm diameter. Credit: HZB X-ray imaging is essential for medical diagnosis and material characterization. To generate an image, the detector converts the X-rays passing through the object into electrical signals. Higher sensitivity of the detector means lower radiation dose, making it particularly important for medical applications. The currently used…
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Nanotechnology
Microbubble dynamics in boiling water enable precise fluid manipulation
By controlling the distance between bubbles, the researchers have successfully changed the synchronized state and frequency of the vibrations of the two bubbles. Credit: Kyotou/Namura Lab Clock pots never boil, and as an old proverb, many of us are at least keeping our eyes on the pot, waiting for the bubbles to begin. Behind the complex physical mechanisms at work,…
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Chemistry
Surface reconstruction strategies enable affordable hydrogen fuel production
Characteristics of COP | F-20 and COP. a) A schematic composite illustration of COP | f on CFP. b) SEM image of COP on a single carbon fiber | F-20 nanosheets. Scale bar, 2 µm. c) Fake-colored TEM images of typical COP | F-20 nanosheets. Scale bar, 100 nm. d) Atomic Resolution Stem Image of COP | F-20. Scale bar,…
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Chemistry
Artistic single-atom catalysts can enable sustainable chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis
a) Rational design of ASACs for cross-linking reactions. M1 represents a foreign single metal atom introduced into a reducing carrier. (b) As a representative example, using a single atom of PD1 fixed to the material CEO2, this panel illustrates the evolution of the dynamic structural and valence states of the PD1 ASAC. These changes help to avoid the usual challenges…
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Chemistry
Bimetalene catalysts enable energy-efficient biomass conversion
The bifunctional PD3PT1 BML catalyzes the overall potential to stimulate energy-saving system design, high selectivity of DHMF production, and low Faraday efficiency HMF ECH and FAOR. Credit: Chinese Journal of Catalysis (2025). doi:10.1016/s1872-2067(24)60189-0 Sustainable production of fuels and value-added chemicals from biomass is the basis of the future bioeconomics. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a platform molecule derived from the biomass of…
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Chemistry
Zeolite catalysts enable sustainable production of biodegradable plastic materials
Dimethoxymethane (DMM) carbonylation provides a mild, green, sustainable route to the production of glycolic acid, a degradable plastic monomer. ZEO-1 zeolite contains a large cage composed of 16×16 and 16×12 MRS crossings, with a small cage composed of high DMM carbonylation activity and a 12×12 MRS crossing section showing high DMM imbalance activity. Zeolite Zeo-1 exhibits both high DMM carbonylation…
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Nanotechnology
Core-shell nanocluster catalysts enable high efficiency, low cost, and environmentally friendly hydrogen production
Schematic diagram of core-shell nanoclusters. Credit: Department of Engineering, Seoul National University A Korean research team has successfully developed advanced electrochemical catalysts. This innovation is expected to lead to next-generation sustainable hydrogen production. The newly developed catalyst features ruthenium (RU)-based nanoclusters with a core-shell structure. Despite using only minimal precious metals, it offers world-class performance and exceptional stability. Furthermore, when…
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Chemistry
Palladium-mediated reactions enable precise engineering of peptides and proteins
1 is a schematic diagram showing the preparation of fluorophore-labeled ubiquitin (top) and the chemical structure (bottom) of analogs of gordosporin, a narrow range of antibiotics against gram-positive bacteria. Both transformations were enabled by binding reactions developed by the authors. Credit: National University of Singapore Pharmaceutical scientists at the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed a new chemical reaction…
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Nanotechnology
Light-driven methods enable molecular adaptations not possible with other methods.
Schematic illustration of self-assembly of cyclodextrin-azobenzene complex under the action of darkness and light. The circles next to the complex structures represent the relative abundance of each complex in the dark (black, equilibrium distribution) and under visible light illumination at a wavelength of 453 nm (yellow). Credit: University of Bologna A team led by Professor Alberto Credi from the University…
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Nanotechnology
Biodegradable nanoparticles enable simultaneous delivery of two drugs to attack tumors
Talazoparib increased PD-L1 expression levels and P-selectin expression evaluation in human and mouse melanomas and BRCA-mutant mouse BC. Credit: Science Advances (2024). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adr4762 Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a new platform that uses polymer nanoparticles to deliver drug pairs to specific types of cancer, such as skin cancer and breast cancer. The researchers explain that having both…
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