Deep
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Earth
“Preventive measures” are the logical method for deep sea mining, researchers say
A state that has expressed a specific position in international submarine authorities. Credit: rifs@gfz Pressure on the International Submarine Authority (ISA) has finalized and adopted regulations on deep sea mining. While some ISA members hope for immediate progress, more and more states are demanding more time to study the environmental impact of raw material mining on the seabed and develop…
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Earth
Scientists reveal the evolutionary history of regions of the deep mantle continent size
Visualization of the seismic model S40RTS (Ritsema et al., 2011) showing African LLVPs (big red regions) created using Gplates software (Ritsema et al., 2011). Credit: Jeroen Ritsema et al. New research reveals that two continent-sized regions of the Earth’s deep mantle have distinctive history and resulting chemical composition, in contrast to the general assumption that they are the same. The…
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Physics
Scientists use deep neural networks to map elusive liquid-liquid transition points
Left: Snapshot of molecular dynamics simulation of supercooled water. Right: Phase diagram of supercooled water predicted by molecular dynamics simulation using DNN@MB-Pol potential. The predicted liquid-liquid critical points are shown as stars at the edge of the widom line (blue), corresponding to the trajectory of maximum variation along the isobar. Also shown are coexistence lines (green), LDL (red) and HDL…
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Nanotechnology
The Deep Ultravi Laser microscope reveals diamond’s nanoscale transport behavior
Dissemination optical creates two DUV beams. It uses a 4F imaging system to interfere with the sample surface (diamond) to generate a microscopic sine -stringed profile. Credit: Stephen Barouss/Mulnane and Caputein Group Ultra Wade band gaps such as diamonds are promising for next -generation electronic devices, higher voltage, and higher frequencies, and operates at higher frequencies because of the large…
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Earth
500,000 years of fossil record reveals the impact of climate change on deep sea ecosystems
This photo beautifully captures the majestic landscape of the Southern Ocean, a key component of Earth’s climate system and a hotspot for deep-sea biodiversity. The whale gracefully swims within the frame, a powerful symbol of the rich and vibrant life that thrives in these waters. Credit: Minoru Ikehara. Climate change will not only affect life on land, but also the…
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Other Sciences
Saturday quote: M87* slams. Discovering deep sleep. Proposal for building a digital cell
Gamma-ray flare light curve (bottom) and a collection of simulated images of the M87 jet at various scales acquired by radio and X-ray during the 2018 campaign (top). The equipment, wavelength observation range, and scale are shown in the upper left of each image. Credits: EHT Collaboration, Fermi-LAT Collaboration, HESS Collaboration, MAGIC Collaboration, VERITAS Collaboration, EAVN Collaboration I love when…
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Nanotechnology
Deep learning streamlines 2D material identification
Illustration of the DDPM-based data augmentation and classification framework for Raman spectra of 2D materials. Credit: Applied Materials Today (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102499 Researchers have developed a deep learning-based approach that greatly streamlines the accurate identification and classification of two-dimensional (2D) materials using Raman spectroscopy. In comparison, traditional Raman analysis methods are time-consuming and require manual and subjective interpretation. This new…
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Biology
Deep learning improves the accuracy and efficiency of protein structure prediction
Overview of traditional and modern deep learning methods for protein structure prediction. Credit: MedComm – Future of Medicine (2024). DOI: 10.1002/mef2.96 A review exploring the transformative role of deep learning techniques in revolutionizing protein structure prediction in the rapidly evolving field of computational biology. The review, published in MedComm—Future Medicine, was led by Dr. Xi Yu and Dr. Tian Zhong…
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Environment
Ocean eddies pour extreme heat and cold into the deep ocean, teeming with life.
The mesopelagic twilight zone is rich in life. Clockwise from the top: mesopelagic jellyfish, pit vipers, lanternfish, larvae, copepods, and squid. Credit: Wikimedia/Drazen et al. CC BY-NC-ND On land, heat waves and cold waves are well known. However, the deep ocean also experiences long periods of high and low temperatures. Marine heat waves and cold waves can seriously damage marine…
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Earth
Research into the Afar mantle plume provides new insights into deep Earth processes
Schematic of mantle He concentrations and 3He/4He (Ra), showing how the Afar plume 3He/4He signature is generated. Credit: Communications Earth & Environment (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01675-2. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01675-2 Advanced analysis of tiny bubbles of ancient gas trapped in volcanic rocks, combined with new geophysical modelling, has shed new light on a long-held hypothesis about the deep Earth. An international team of scientists…
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