Comprehensive analysis reveals hidden genome evolution of brown algae

Covering more than 70% of the Earth’s surface, the oceans are home to countless life forms that maintain ecological balance and support human well-being. Among these, brown algae (Phaeophyceae) play an important role in maintaining coastal habitats, supporting marine biodiversity, and combating climate change through carbon capture. Although these organisms have long been of interest to the scientific community, their genomes and evolutionary histories remain largely unexplored.

A study by Sungkyunkwan University researchers revealed the evolutionary trajectory of brown algae through comprehensive genome analysis of 44 species. The study was published in the journal Cell. It created the Phaeoexplorer database, which is a valuable tool for comparative genomics. The researchers investigated key evolutionary milestones, including the transition from a unicellular to a multicellular morphology and the integration of viral sequences into the brown algae genome, a previously unexplored area.

This study reveals two major evolutionary milestones in the history of brown algae. Lead author Professor Hwang Su Yun said: “About 450 million years ago, brown algae transitioned from unicellular organisms to simple multicellular forms. This transition was facilitated by horizontal gene transfer from bacteria, and alginate “This enabled the synthesis of important cell wall components such as phlorotannins and phlorotannins.” Collectively, these adaptations of algae improved communication between cells and defense against predators, and were important steps in the evolution of algae. ”

Approximately 200 million years ago, following the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea, brown algae underwent significant species diversification. Professor Yun said, “This diversification has led to the development of complex life cycles, structural innovations, and specialized metabolic pathways, which have shaped the ecological roles of different species.” It was also revealed that 67 of the 69 genomes have been integrated into these viruses.”The integration of these viruses plays an important role in the evolution and diversity of brown algae. It is considered that it has been achieved.

This study provides valuable insights into the practical applications of brown algae. In aquaculture, we support selective breeding programs for commercially important species such as wakame and Saccharina japonica to increase productivity and disease resistance. In biotechnology, the biosynthesis of compounds such as alginate opens the door to dietary supplements, bioactive substances, and sustainable biomaterials. The study also highlights the potential of brown algae in climate change mitigation, particularly carbon capture and ecosystem restoration, and highlights its ecological and economic benefits.

This study also provides valuable insight into how climate change may affect marine ecosystems. Professor Yun said, “By analyzing how past environmental changes have shaped the evolution of brown algae, we will be able to more accurately predict how future climate change will affect marine biodiversity.” “The genomic resources established from this study will help identify traits that enhance ecological resilience and guide efforts to increase ecosystem resilience.” Develop brown algae that are resistant to climate stresses such as rising temperatures and sea level changes. ”

Furthermore, promoting kelp forests as “blue carbon” storage sites provides a natural solution to sequestering carbon and mitigating the effects of climate change while promoting ecological sustainability of the marine environment. Masu.

By deciphering the genetic makeup of brown algae, this research will improve our understanding of marine ecosystems and how we can harness their ecological and economic potential for a more sustainable future. provide insight.

The oceans are key to the planet’s resilience, and this research provides a roadmap to a sustainable future rooted in the wisdom of nature.